One of the core principles of Applied Functional Science (AFS) is “Load to Explode”. Many of the previous blogs/vlogs have touched on this, but it was addressed in detail in the blog on Transformational Zones (TZs). To accomplish any task, the neuro-musculo-skeletal system must be loaded. Movement loads the tissues either by muscle activation or stretch of the passive connective tissues. This loading creates energy that is used to execute the desired movement (explode) in the opposite direction.
This principle comes into sharp focus when a patient is having trouble taking a step, but it is just as important for the athlete wanting to improve speed of movement. Research into the ground forces required to take a step, as represented by the great work of David Winter 1 and his colleagues at the University of Waterloo, has demonstrated that in order to step forward with the right foot, the pressure under that foot must first be increased. Practically, lifting the foot off the ground requires creating more pressure underneath that foot first. To eliminate pressure under the right foot (step) more pressure (vertical force) must be created.
The research about initiating a step very often will look at the center of pressure (COP) measured by a force plate in the ground, and the center of mass of the body (COM) as determined by force data and body movement data. The data calculations of inverse dynamics allows for the comparison of the COP and the COM. The fundamental finding is that to move the COM to the stance leg, the COP must move to the stepping leg and the force underneath that foot must be increased. When comparing young adults to older adults, as well as those with gait problems that accompany Parkinson’s disease, it becomes clear that this subconscious “Chain Reaction” of the body to produce the proper COP-COM relationship becomes compromised with age and disease.
In order to improve the function in our patients, we must have an underlying strategy for the programs we design. After looking at the research, one question arises. With all this valuable information about COP and COM, is taking a step still a case of the AFS Principle “Load to Explode”?
Should our efforts be focused on ways to get our clients to load more effectively? What deficits can be identified in this individual that are preventing the proper load in terms of both magnitude and sequence? If these deficits are resolved, what is my strategy for helping the body to discover how to use the new capabilities?
These questions challenge our capability to provide the most efficacious interventions. Without the Principles-Strategies-Techniques Process of AFS, designing a program for an individual (athlete, grandmother, child) whose function is compromised (surgery, weakness, disease) becomes very difficult. The program is more likely standard, rather than individualized. It might succeed for a few clients, but not for those with specific needs. To see how the PST Process works, and add this skill to your “toolbox”, visit the Gray Institute. Certification in 3DMAPS will provide the basis for determining each client’s movement successes, as well as where they are not so competent. CAFS provides examples of how to progress movement success.
- Winter DA. Human Balance and posture control during standing and walking. Gait & Posture, 1995; Vol.3:193-214.